Describe the processes that give an animal acquired immunity as a result of vaccination?

describe the processes that give an animal acquired immunity as a result of vaccination?



Whether the result is derived from vaccination, exposure to the disease organism, or colostrum at birth, we have exposed the immune cells, and primarily our white blood cells, to the antibodies or other proteins produced by the disease organism.





Recognizing this as anything but self, the immune system should prepare to do battle and destroy that not-self being. If the immune system is later exposed to any organism that presents what the immune system perceives as very similar to that antibody or protein, its memory suggests it is time to launch a defence once again.





Animals do have billions of micro-organisms living inside the organism, and the immune system does not launch a massive counter attack, so long as the organism does not invade the blood system, so that we do not become immune to pro-biotic bacteria in our gut, but do maintain immunity to them in our blood.





We have special treatment for not-self organisms where a females reproductive system is concerned. By nature of that system it is going to be host to non-self life. The exception begins in the vagina when prostate specific antigens identify the not-self life. The immune system must learn in a reverse way, what characteristics of the new life to protect.





Note that essentially the new life is living outside of the females blood system. The female must still maintain its own immunity to that not-self being, just in case it should really be malignant. But there is a down side to this clear cut separation of immune system of child and mother. Child is born with almost no immunity to the organisms the mother has learn-ed to fight off. The first significant vaccination then comes from colostrum milk. In essence if a mother's vaccination were entirely current, we would hope that a mother would pass that full complement of immunity to her child this way. That should eliminate most childhood diseases. But adults may not remain immune to their childhood diseases, and may not remain immune to many diseases they were vaccinated against in childhood. Immunity does appear to fade as time goes by if there is not a re-exposure.