Monday, March 30, 2009

Will India

I know that India is ranked 4th in the world in terms of countries with percentage of arable land (around 55% I think) but still 1 billion+ is a lot of mouths to feed. Should this be a cause for concern?





Thanks for your time in advance.



In order to boost agricultural output from current 210 million tons to about 300 million tons, technology has to play a greater role. Hopefully immediate needs of the rising population will be met with the combination of technology and efficient management of water resources we already have. Next quantum leap in agriculture cannot be achieved without bringing additional areas under cultivation. There is no more agricultural farmland left to cultivate except in the arid west, southwest and in peninsular India. Both will require transport of surplus water from north to south or southwest. The former is proving to be difficult to achieve. But the latter is achievable. It will take about 15 years to implement this scheme and 5 years to plan. By 2025, India can add additional 50 to 60 million of food grains to a total of about 350 to 360 million tons a year. Hopefully by then the West would have eliminated its agricultural subsidies. At that time India could enter export market in a big way.




India is still trying to feed their population mostly from small family farms, If this does not change and they do not convert to large scale farms with their large scale production, they will , I believe run out of food sometime in the future. Organic and Green are nice concepts but will not feed a population of one billion. Yes it should be a large concern for all of us. Consider what would happen if the farmers in the USA could get four or five times as much for a bushel of corn or wheat compared to what they get now. The US could run out of corn and wheat for our use, it could all be going to India. Corn feeds the beef and wheat makes the bread, etc, If you think that $4.00 for a gallon of gasoline was a lot, try $20. for a loaf of bread and hamburger going for $50 per pound.




Millions and billions predictions are one side: no rain, shortage of electricity, shortage in farm labour, usage of farm-land into house-sites and factories and etc will bring down the productions: No politician is cared about this: For example drinking water is sold for Rs 10 per litre: Is is possible to buy a nutrient rice, grain by a below average family with their Cooley: One side starvation %26amp; death will prevail: honest farmers are troubling and dyeing: The borrowed corporates are enjoying luxury Life: a crop loan farmer borrower is targeted with lawyer notice :




The apocalypse will cause a drastic reduction in fertility worldwide . We should expect less food for less people.By the end of the century the world will be underpopulated. Lets hope that humans in the future stop breeding like rats


%0D%0A

Organic food prices vs. Non-organic food prices?

For my Geography class I had o go to a local grocery store and do research on organic vs. nonorganic food, then write a paper on the results.





I found that organic food is more expensive, and that there isn%26#039;t a lot of it in your average grocery store, but I can%26#039;t seem to figure out why. Can anyone help me?



as a formerly certified organoic grower who still makes a living farming fruits and veggies grown organically i can say the mani reason for higher prices and fewer selections are the following





1) there is not a huge demand for certified organic at grocery stores so they do not carry as many products as conventional products, especially with produce





2) Because there has been a national organic program for only 7 years so there are not that many national corporations doing organic yet. It is costly and time consuming to go organic as there is a lot of paperwork to be kept constantly for the USDA organic program. If you process foods you have to create an organic only facility for the organic goods. this is very expensive. You have to be inspected annually at your own expense. So large food corporations tend to be slow when it comes to change and i suspect we will see a lot more offerings in the future as more and more companies figure out and set up organic ventures





3) organic crops yield as good or better as conventionally grown crops. the size of the produce is generally the same if using the same cultivar (I am noticing with organic produce a lot of non hybrid varieties are being used and often nonhybrid crops are smaller (but tastier) than hybrid crops. Plant based pesticides are allowed as are fungicides. And these are as effective (and in many cases more effective) than their chemical counterparts





4) Less than 3% of US crop land is certified organic so you have this huge issue with supply and demand. there simply is not enough organic food grown in the US (or the world) to keep up with the demand, yet.





5) A big reason why it costs more is because a lot of studies have been done that tell middlemen and retailers that people will pay to 200% more for organic products so they charge more because they can get more. So they charge what the market will bear.




It%26#039;s more expensive to grow, because they can%26#039;t use the pesticides, herbicides, and synthetic fertilizers that ensure the high yields of nonorganic farming, processed organic foods can%26#039;t use some of the fillers and cheap flavorings used in nonorganic, and there is a smaller overall supply because a lot of companies don%26#039;t want to deal with these problems, and the average supermarket shopper is still buys almost entirely nonorganic, usually for price reasons, so there%26#039;s not much reason for non-specialty stores to stock a lot of organic foods.




Organic foods - poorer yields because more is destroyed by pests and diseases. Size of crop is less uniform.





Against that people who buy organic are willing to accept defects that the rest of us would want a reduction for.





What I do is wait until the organic reaches the reduced counter as it always does and you can the buy it cheaper than non-organic





John


%0D%0A

What percentage of the land on earth can be used for agriculture/farming?

a. 3.13%


b .9.38%


c. 12.5%



As of the year 2000, about 37 percent of Earth%26#039;s land area was agricultural land. About one-third of this area, or 11 percent of Earth%26#039;s total land, is used for crops. The balance, roughly one-fourth of Earth%26#039;s land area, is pastureland, which includes cultivated or wild forage crops for animals and open land used for grazing. This does not include forests which are also considered agriculture land. So, I%26#039;m guessing your closest answer is c. 12.5% Though it%26#039;s probably crop land that you are asking about, not total agriculture land.




those are two vastly different categories. If you are talking actual tillable land it would be much less than if you are talking all of agriculture which would include all grazing land, some forest land such as that used to raise pulp wood.


%0D%0A

Farming experiment

I have 40 archers of land. I have someone who wants to grow a garden and maybe even have a few cattle, pigs goats etc etc. Not too sure about how far Im willing to take this just yet. But heres the deal.





I figured Id start with just a garden for now. Id invest in all the tools, and he can use my land and he would do all the labor.





All Im asking (since Im investing all the money and its my land) is a small % from sales of crops.





What % is fair?





thanks



The usual arrangement in renting land is one of two ways.


1. The land owner gets 1/3 of the crop and the renter gets 2/3 and pays all of the expenses.


2. The land owner and renter split expenses of fertilizer, pesticides, seed etc., and split the crop 50/50 with renter doing all of the labor.


In both cases the renter supplies all of the machinery, maintenance, fuel, etc.


Someone is looking to get a fantastic deal from you, if you supply the land and invest your money for equipment as well.




50/50 You supply the land and he supplies all plants and labor.


%0D%0A

How did agriculture change with industrialization?

For you other posters, come on guys, wise up! Industrialization (mechanization) of agriculture made it possible for one farmer to feed more and more people outside of his family. This allowed more people to leave the farm and move to towns and cities to pursue careers that were non-agricultural. For example, how much theorizing could Einstein have done if his entire existence was spent foraging or growing food for himself? Not much. Da Vincci couldn%26#039;t have done much painting or inventing if he had to spend all of his time growing food for himself. And all the smart people that made it possible for man to land on the moon? They wouldn%26#039;t of had time for such flights of fancy had they been out chopping weeds and tending livestock every day.





Fewer people on the farm allowed others to pursue careers that let them develop better machines for the farm which continued the migration from farm to city. To answer your question, agriculture initiated or necessitated industralization which changed the way our food is grown and processed rather than industralization changing agriculture.




The industrial revolution and the green revolution went hand and hand. As bigger and better machines were developed we also began dousing our crops with inorganic chemicals to increase yield. Monocultures formed, and the farming industry shrunk to 10% of the population and lower. Basically we got more food, didn%26#039;t distribute it well, and didn%26#039;t care about the consequences.




dno


%0D%0A

Explain the difference between a meat-centered diet and a vegetarian diet in terms of:?

fossil fuel usage, land usage, carbon emissions, percent of grain eaten by people verses livestock.



Vegitarians like to talk about how much grain is used to feed cattle for slaughter. The thing is, they are fed grain only about the last 60-90 days of their life. The rest of the time, they and their mommas eat grass, something humans can't eat. Grass converts sunshine into energy which cattle eat and we eat the cattle. Many places where cattle are born and raised before being sent to be finished at a feedlot are too dry, rocky or cold to raise food crops humans can eat. This allows production of food (meat) for humans in areas where it would be impossible to grow vegetable or grain crops fit for human consumption.





In addition, some of the grain fed to animals is typically not eaten by humans (milo to hogs for example). Other times livestock feed consists of grain by products left over after processing for human consumption. (Soybean meal after oil extraction, bran after making white flour, cottonseed meal after the fiber is ginned.)





As far as fossil fuel, a cow grazing mountain rangeland uses no fossil fuels whereas it would require a massive input of fossil fuel to grow non-forage, human food.

Where can i get a job in a slaughterhouse?

i have 4 years of experience i do almost anything in the kill flor ... kill, bleed, skin, bung, trim, i can do almost anything. im from visalia california



aberdeen sd is in the process of building a state of the art plant it is supossed to be done in aug. they are planning on 1500 head a day with 650 employees with a sd registered beef program

Where cani find this farming top?

Can any one tell me where i could find a black and grey checked wool top with a 1/2 lace up front? Its driving me mad cause i cant find one anywhere!!!



Try Brora .




try





www.thefind.com








p.s. could be home made





www.jimmybeanswool.com


www.yarnmarket.com





did a web search this is all i could find

Should thermal insulation ever be applied directly to the underside of a roof top?

Should it be done, No.


Thermal Insulation is put direftly above the ceiling. Not on the actually roof top. The reason being, that even though both methods will trap in heat, With the insulation on the arches of the roof, it still allowing heat into the Attic, Or roof space. This means that the top of the roof will infact be the warmest part of the house, and lot of heat will be lost. from the main rooms of the house.




On pole barns with metal roofing it is common to have a thin layer of insulation directly under the roofing. This prevents condensation from forming.




yes its done all the time on metal buildings. works well but expensive.

What is the purpose of rearing animals?

example of animals reared


rabbit


pig


goat


sheep


cattle



Of the list provided all have more than one purpose in providing something to man.


Rabbit: quick breeders, have very large numbers of offspring, fast growers, provide food (meat) & hair (used to create felt)


Pig: easy to care for,grow quite large, have large numbers of offspring, will eat scraps (our rubbish), provides food (meat)


Sheep,Goats & Cattle: all these animals provide us with food both meat & milk, a sheep also provides Wool & leather, goats have a use that is very underrated (they will eat anything & everything, and can be used to clear land of unwanted vegetation), as well as providing the similar products as those of a sheep, Cattle: apart from meat, milk & leather also provide mussel, they are used to plow a field, pull a cart, pump water ( they are a cheap energy source ).

Purpose of rearing animals?

provide products useful for the rearer


wool


milk


egg


meat


etc.


this can provide economic productivity to the farmer

Need help on small-time farming.?

I plan to farm in Delta, Utah. It's good farm land, and a lot of vegetables are grown there despite the arid climate. My farm won't be much, just 1-3 acres to feed myself. I'd like some advice on the how-to's, without using the usual "big farm" equipment. I plan on having a large root cellar, 1 goat, and possibly some chickens. For plants I want (among other things) wheat, corn, potatoes, carrots, lettuce, cucumbers, kale and beans. For instance: How do you collect seeds from lettuce and carrots, and how do you preserve them throughout the winter for planting the next spring? Do you need to dry out corn kernels in the sun for them to keep? Any help would be appreciated, as I don't personally know any farmers.



I'm probably the best person to answer this question. I'm a permaculture farmer. I just moved from Blackfoot, ID. Lived/farmed there for 5 years. My husband had lived in Blackfoot for over 30 years.





Blackfoot, ID is about the same elivation, and weather, desert type ground as you have in Delta, UT.





I raise meat goats. My current herd is 78 goats. You need to get two goats. One goat is a lonely, bellowing, escaping, anoying creature. I assume you are getting goats for milk. I highly reccomend LaMancha goats first and foremost. Their temperments truely are outstanding. A very easy to handle goat for a beginer. You should breed your dairy goats to a Boer buck. That way you end up with 50/50 dairy goat/meat goat.





It will put more flesh on the males, for you to eat, or to sell them (you'll get a higher price). The 50/50 doelings can be sold to someone with a meat goat herd who should be very happy to be adding some dairy blood to their herd.





In that climate, you need to have a snug three sided shelter for the goats, with deep beding. Make sure you angle the opening away from the horrible winter blizzards.





How are you going to dig a root cellar in that lava rock soil? How are you going to keep it above freezing? Our soil always froze hard as concrete about two feet down, the winters are so brutal. I did well storing carrots, onions, potatoes, cabage and squash in our (mostly unheated) basement in Idaho.





Don't bother with wheat on just 1-3 acres. Much more work than it's worth. Besides the "big boys" grow miles of it all around you. Find a farmer to buy it from instead (about $6 for 50 pounds) or buy it from one of your local feed mills (about $11 for 50 pounds).





Animal feed wheat is no different than the wheat people eat. The only difference is its been cleaned (via having air blown over it) one less time that what is sold to humans. Just make sure it's not cracked wheat. You want the wheat grains (also called wheat berries) to be whole.





The wheat I am currently using to grind and bake bread for our family was put up (stored) by my mother-in-law over 30 years ago, in Idaho. The desert is the perfect climate for long term wheat storage.





Corn is a 120 day crop. You have possibly 90 frost free days. Be prepared to loose your crop, and spend a lot of time in early spring covering your baby corn plants every evening to prevent frost or snow from killing the plants.





Potatoes are grown everywhere around you. Again, I would buy those dirrectly from the farmer. Usually about $5 for the 50 pound sack.





Seed collection is different from different plants. First off you can only grow a single type of open pollination plant to collect "true" seeds. Otherwise the plants will cross pollinate.





That means if you grew Dragons Blood carrots, and Snow White carrots they would cross pollinate when you allowed them to go to seed. So you would end up with Snow Blood carrots, or a White Dragon carrot that would be NOTHING like the original seeds you planted. They might be good, but they might be bad too.





Check out a book from you library, or invest in purchasing on on seed saving. Different plants have their seeds harvested different ways.





Air dry your seeds completely (not hard in your climate). Then store them away in glass jars, or plastic bags in a cool, DARK place. The less light the seeds get on them, the better they will survive.





Some seeds will keep for hundreds of human lifetimes (like wheat). Other seeds, like corn, are good only for a couple of years, before the germination rate drops off too much.





Corn kernels should not be dried in the sun. Only the open air. Easy to do in your climate.





Chickens are great. However in your climate you will have to be very carefull of frozen combs, and even frozen legs. Make sure you have a well built (no drafts) hen house that can withstand the 80MPH blizzards you get in the winter. It's very sad to find you hen house accross the street, and your hens little frozen balls of feathers.





~Garnet


Permaculture farming/homesteading over 20 years




Yikes, this is a question. I farm soybeans and corn, but i do have a friend who is a vegetable farmer, im afraid i wont be able to help you much, but with corn seed collecting, it has soemthing to do with "detasseling" which i personally dont do.


Drying kernals i would assume would be a nessesady, but then again i'm not a vegetable farmer and wouldnt know professionally.


Sorry

What are the outputs of fish farming in desert?

In the desert would be the same as any place else using aquaculture, fish. Would take some extreme care to keep them healthy and being very selective of the species raised, though, unless you were growing Malaysian Prawns, even then the water may get to warm. But you could control water temperature buy using a forced air evaporative system as the last stage in your water filtration.

What would it take to convince you that Permaculture Works at Farm scale?

I just wondered what you, as farmers, would need to be convinced that Permaculture Works at farm/smallholding scale?





Here are a few suggestions, please add your own.





a) I don't know what Permaculture is so would need more information


b) I would need to be convinced that Permaculture works/is profitable on any scale


c) I would need research evidence


d) I would need to see demonstration projects


e) I would need to take classes


f) I would need to see my neighbouring farms using


Permaculture and it making money


g) I would need Government endorsement


h) ..... any other reason



I would probably need to be able to get manpower to make this happen. I have permaculture on less than 2 hectares and while I have some times that I do not have to work at it, I can not get all of the work done in a timely way for all products.





When we have a heavy crop of cherries, plums, we can not harvest them fast enough. But recently we have had a lot of years when early blossoming and late frost have combined to give zero crop. We have had only occasional failures with walnuts, but we have a variety suited to our climate rather than the market.





Close to 2 hectares produces profit close to what 12 hectares of land rented to cash crops gives, but I can not see any way I could handle 12 hectares of permaculture. 2 hectares also does not tax my ability to market it locally.




this question is an oxymoron...farm-scale paermaculture.





the whole idea of permaculture is a return to days of old when small communities and even down to family levels grew all their own foods in an environmentally friendly way, using no chemicals and relying on the system as a whole to function efficiently in terms of nutrient load, light water etc.





without a substantial amount of manpower, not to mention space permaculture can't work on a commercial scale. Plus the output per unit area of permaculture is far below the output of commercial monocultural practices.




I would add


"can permaculture produce enough food for an expanding population"


"Under a natural system how harmful would natural pests be to yield and quality"


I would remove "I would need Government endorsement" by the time government endorsed it most farmers would be well advanced in the practice.

An Agriculture Question?

What are some good, profitable crops that can be grown between 35-70 degrees Fahrenheit with about 20 inches of rain during the Dry Season and during the Wet Season around 60-80 inches of rain during the wet season? Just wondering..



The conditions you list allow almost any crop that the soil will support. But it helps to have good expertise in growing and marketing it too.





60 to 80 inches is a lot of water to use up with a maximum temperature of 70F, so attention to drainage may be needed if 80 inches falls over a short period. It may be useful to pump water off into storage for year round use.




That is 80 to 100 inches of water a year which is enough to grow a rain forest. I am not sure where you are but the temperature range seems low for that kind of rainfall and is probably your limiting factor.




Sounds like your on the west coast of Washington and Oregon. For that temperature range, Strawberry, Cabbage. Watch out for soil pests. That much water bet you have some good ones.

What does the term

A plant that produces seed that are true to type are called pure line plants. A plant that is a pure line has a heritable phenotype will produce only offspring with that same phenotype. The genotype of a pure line plant is homozygous. Plants that are pure line and occur in nature are self pollinated plants. Cross pollinated plants, either by nature or by man to make hybrids, are heterozygous and the seeds do not produce true to type plants.




In simple terms, it means they will always grow the same... year after year. generation after generation (of plants).





Grow them this year, save some of the seeds from whatever it is you are growing, plant them next year and you will have the same looking, feeling, smelling, tasting, textured, etc. that you have this year.





Now, if you grow several varieties of say, peppers, next to each other, there is a high probability of ending up with an F1 Hybrid. (The first generation of a cross between 2 different parents that are not true breeding for the same traits) In this case, you will not end up with 'true to type' seeds.




It signifies that the plant would reproduce itself to exactly the plant it reproduced from.


Hybrids will not produce true to type. An example is when hybrid tomatoes revert to the cherry tomato for the second generation, Hybruds are developed by cross breeding for desired characteristics.

Which is better crop for someone new to farming?

I have an opportunity to buy productive farm land. So far it's been used for cattle feed crops, mainly corn. Would it be better to stay with this type of crops or maybe change to more human-edible, mixed crops? What about herbs and medicinal plants?



know your customer.





the farmer before you knew his the cow





now if you stay with cow crops you will probably sell to farmers





and if you grow consumer crops will you sell to a store or have your own farm stand





growing medicinal plants and herbs is profitable but would have to find a market for them




You should probably check what's selling well (or more likely, what will sell well when you harvest your crop) and which of the best selling (most profit for you) crops have a market nearby where you can sell the crop. Don't let your profit be eaten up by transport costs. Also, as was pointed out earlier, don't let your profit be eaten up by a crop which is labor intensive (which will cost more).




Experiment, but I don't grow any crop until I know where I can sell it. What would be the point if you didn't have a market.




you need to look at the economy and see what crop would be the most profitable




Grow the herb. Its a cash crop then you got $ to grow whatever you want




those are very labor intensive crops. I like to plant oats very easy on your land low inputs

Describe the processes that give an animal acquired immunity as a result of vaccination?

describe the processes that give an animal acquired immunity as a result of vaccination?



Whether the result is derived from vaccination, exposure to the disease organism, or colostrum at birth, we have exposed the immune cells, and primarily our white blood cells, to the antibodies or other proteins produced by the disease organism.





Recognizing this as anything but self, the immune system should prepare to do battle and destroy that not-self being. If the immune system is later exposed to any organism that presents what the immune system perceives as very similar to that antibody or protein, its memory suggests it is time to launch a defence once again.





Animals do have billions of micro-organisms living inside the organism, and the immune system does not launch a massive counter attack, so long as the organism does not invade the blood system, so that we do not become immune to pro-biotic bacteria in our gut, but do maintain immunity to them in our blood.





We have special treatment for not-self organisms where a females reproductive system is concerned. By nature of that system it is going to be host to non-self life. The exception begins in the vagina when prostate specific antigens identify the not-self life. The immune system must learn in a reverse way, what characteristics of the new life to protect.





Note that essentially the new life is living outside of the females blood system. The female must still maintain its own immunity to that not-self being, just in case it should really be malignant. But there is a down side to this clear cut separation of immune system of child and mother. Child is born with almost no immunity to the organisms the mother has learn-ed to fight off. The first significant vaccination then comes from colostrum milk. In essence if a mother's vaccination were entirely current, we would hope that a mother would pass that full complement of immunity to her child this way. That should eliminate most childhood diseases. But adults may not remain immune to their childhood diseases, and may not remain immune to many diseases they were vaccinated against in childhood. Immunity does appear to fade as time goes by if there is not a re-exposure.

1.Describe the processes that give an animal acquired immunity as a result of vaccination?

also if you could please answer


2. state 4 bacterial dieseases that farm animals are protected against through vaccination


3. advantages and disadvantages of 4 disease control management practices on either - vaccinnation, quarantine, feeding for resilence, breeding for resistance and eradication


where possible talk of animal welfare, environmental protection, chemical resistance is targeted organisms and human safety in your advantages and disadvantes.





if anyone could please help me with any of these questions - it would be much appreciated



Whenever a virus enters the body, the body recognizes it as foreign and creates anti-bodies to kill it. Sometimes you get sick before the body creates enough of them to get the virus killed off (like the flu). The "pattern" for those particular anti-bodies remain and should the same virus appear again, the body is ready, creates lots of new anti-bodies and kills the virus before you have a chance to get sick.





Vaccines are either a weakened live virus, a killed virus or a genetically altered virus. A weakened virus is alive but isn't strong enough to overwhelm your body and your body has time to create anti-bodies. A killed virus is dead but the body recognizes the "little corpses" and creates anti-bodies. A genetically altered virus is alive but has been modified to make the virus harmless. Kind of like pulling all the teeth in a mean dog.





Blackleg, tetanus, enterotoximia, foot rot, anthrax, hoof and mouth are a few that are vaccinated for.





Good and bad? Hoof and mouth vaccine keeps animals from getting H&M, but the anti-bodies that result are what prevents animals or meat from being exported from some South American countries to Europe.





Quarantine is good if it can be enforced but sometimes diseases can be carried by host animals like wildlife, birds, etc.





Feeding for resiliance is simply trying to keep animals healthy enough to fight of any sicknesses that come along. This works for opportunistic diseases, but does no good at all for more virulent diseases.





Breeding for resistance is the most effective method for internal parasites and such but for some diseases there simply is no genetically inherited resistance possible.





Eradication is certainly one way to get rid of a problem, but often times healthy animals are killed along with the sick ones.





Animal welfare? Ha! In the US there is no more horse slaughter because of animal rights groups. They see horses as pets or "companion animals" and not as food like people in France and Belgium do. As a result, horses are worth practically nothing because there is no slaughter market to salvage old or unwanted animals. Because of this, old horses are let suffer until they die or starve after being dumped out like a stray dog because the owner could no longer afford to feed them. That's happened in several southern Missouri counties.





Chemical resistance is a real problem when it comes to internal parasites in sheep and goats. There are three families of wormers and when the products have been over used or used unwisely, parasites are resistant to all three families. This has become rather common in Australia and without any effective control, animals die or perform very poorly.

Agriculture help please?

Can someone help me agriculture help plz?


name of breeds commonly reared in the caribbean





cattle (a) milk type


(b) beef type





pigs-





rabbits-





sheeps-





goats-



Dairy cattle: Holstein, Jersey and Brown Swiss. Another animal used for milk production is the Holstein/Senepol cross.


Beef cattle: The primary breed of beef cattle in the Carribean is the Senepol. This breed was developed on St. Croix to meet the needs of the tropical beef producer. Many European breeds have been brought in but were unable to stand up to the conditions. Cross breeds with the Senepol are common.


Pigs: The Creole Pig, Large Black, Large White, Berkshire, Hampshire, Tamworth


Rabbits: Beveren, Chinchilla, Havana, Thrianta


Sheep: Barbados Blackbelly, the (Cuban) Pelibey, West African, and St. Croix.


Goats- Saanen, Anglo Nubian, Toggenburg

What is the conversion efficiency for corn to (corn fed) beef?

Like, how many calories of corn does it take to make one calorie of beef?


Any sources would be nice.



This varies depending on whether the cattle are also fed some alfalfa, some urea. But it also depends on genetics of the animals in question.





We get more beef from a hectare of corn whole stock silage than from corn as grain, but we do not get more on a per calorie basis.


The extra calories in whole stock silage are used somewhat less efficiently than those in grain, but give more total calories of beef.





Next, the main purpose of feeding beef corn is to produce a higher protein food than the corn began with, so part of the objective is independent of calorie level efficiency.

Farming businesses were booming, and many were thrilled from this ___ of event?

fill in the blank



turn? that would be my guess i suppose.




just when were they booming. Farming is just one level above serfdom.

Corn ethanol vs. switchgrass project ideas?

I%26#039;m doing a project and i have to create a trifold board on ethanol (adv. and dis.) I would really like to compare ethanol made from corn to ethanol made from switchgrass, by using charts. Any ideas, information, charts, designs, sources, ect. you may have would be appreciated. Thank You.



You can get a lot of basic information from a good set of feed analysis tables.


I might suggest that you add another comparison to your project and that would be whole plant corn versus corn grain and then switch grass.


I believe that good switch grass production would be in the neighbor hood of 7 tons per acre or 14000 lbs dry weight. Some of the research varieties might be higher.


Total plant corn would be 9 tons or 18000 lbs per acre.


With efficient cellulosic conversion both of these would yield about 80% of the starch converted to alcohol.


A good crop of corn grain (160 bu.) would yield 7600 lbs of dry matter per acre and still only convert about 80% of the starch.


From these figures you can see that whole plant corn which is easier to grow would yield the most alcohol.


One advantage to switch grass production, it is a permanent plant so requires much less cultivation and care than a corn crop.


Another advantage of corn. It can be used a lot of different ways. Switch grass is very limited.


%0D%0A

How can we use indigenous technology in agriculture?

We do, we have been and probably always will. First it was hand, next horse mule or ox, then nationally built equipment. currently John Deere and Cat are about the only farm equipment manufacturers in the US. Canada is probably the largest producer of farm equipment in the northern hemisphere right now. Not sure where you wanted to go with the question.

I have an interview tomorrrow?

i have an interview tomorrow for vet nursing some thing ive always wanted to do but i dont do well in interviews. ive been trying to get everything ready im prepared when it comes to paper work but not the interview thats when i get scared i was hoping some one will tell me what to expect, what will get asked and if theres any thing i should or shouldn't say PLEASE HELP!



Just relax and be yourself. Don't say much unless asked. Just tell them the job is one you would like and believe you could do well at. Let them do the talking. One thing I have learned is that being neat and clean and a big smile and hand shake is really all you need. Most jobs are handed out on personal impression. Knowledge and skill are secondary.





I have had 12 job interviews in my life and been offered 10 jobs as a result. Though I only chose to accept 5 of them. I truely beleive that if you know the job you are seeking and give a good first impression you are as good as hired.




First of all, review every single possible question the interviewer might ask and find an answer for it. Then you'll be prepared for most of the questions. The interviewer usually woud ask a question like if you were in this scenerio what would you do so be prepared. Also (this surprisingly helps) you should ask a friend to interview you, then you will be able to see what you have to work on. You should wait for the interviewer to ask you to sit down before you do, if they ask you how they are doing. Answer them by saying fine how about you? It tells the person that you are a people person. Don't tell the interviewer why you got fired or quit from your last job, that just won't get you the job. Goodluck! You could also research it on google, a list really does come up.




Make sure you shake their hand when first introduced and continue to make eye contact. They will explain the job to you and listen carefully. There is nothing wrong with asking questions. If there is something you don't quite understand, let them know once they have finished talking. One of the things I sometimes say during interviews if I have no questions is, "You've explained everything very well so right now I don't have any questions, but I'm a hands-on learner. The questions usually come once I immerse myself in the job. If I think of any, I'll be sure to call you." You've not only complimented them, but it shows you've listened well and are well spoken. Plus, it proves that you are thoroughly interested in the job.





Make sure you speak clearly and act relaxed (no matter how nervous you may get!) Good luck!!




First question: Why do we have to chose you?


2. What is strength and weakness...


3. How to adapt your knowledge to the task here... Please explain the strategy that you would do to our organization...


...


many more but I think you can do it if you have knowledge and self confidence...


Be calm and don't worry too much na..




I don't know how you don't be nervous. Let them know that your quiet reserved manner is not a strong point in interviews but it is the exact part of your personality that makes animals trust you.




the way you speak plays a big part in interviews, so you might what to review how you talk.





just try to be professional, and dress the part as well!




Ahhh dnt be scared...I own my own business and when I interview people I look for confidence.By confidence I mean someone who doesnt stutter or says uhhh ummm befor a answer. Just be yourself be confident and DONT BE SCARED




good luck

Inventions from the industrial revolution and agriculture?

i was searching for inventions from the industrial revolution and agriculture era but it seems i can't find much. please list some.


untill now i got the cotton gin, steam engine, mill, and lathe.



How about Steam tractors, grain binders, hay baler, plows, and automobiles and trucks that replaced wagons, etc.




Your wrong on the lathe, lathe came about before the roman period, I know, I was surprised too.





Planters, harrows, hay rakes, thrashers, just about everything we have now came about or was started during the industrial revolution. The land plane was the first road grader, but its original use was leveling fields for irrigation. Except for combines we haven't really made much progress except to ad fancier doodads on to things. In fact, you could take anyone from any period of time up to about the last 150 years and they would have understood everything in our lives and we in theirs.




The worst invention was nitrogen fertilizer.





It allowed more food production . This resulted in people breeding like rats and major damage to the ecosystem

I have land 75 Acers of agriculture use in Gujarat what are the options for developing ?

grow a bunch of pot, good money in that there.




Go for organic farming of fruit crops and export it..


but it is more work consuming job and high profit..





Apply for any international soil testing association informing that u r planning for "organic farming and export".. they will visit ur field and check for suitability of organic farming and they will provide certifcate for it..





Then go for fruit crops like mango.. and export it..


Since it is organic farming no tax is needded to pay!!


Go for agricuture.. Develop urself.. Develop Agriculture.. All the best!!




here we go.....


bow the carrot seed to the first 20 acers......


.....& the next 5 acers bow the reddish seeds.


.....................10 acers cultivate tomatoes......


......................5 acers cultivate bhindi.....


......................7 acers cultivate potatoes......


.......................3 acres cultivate onions......


.......................8 acers cultivate brownsugar....


.......................5 acres cultivate sugarcane......


........................6 acres cultivate tobacco......


.........................2 acres cultivate cabbage......


.........................4 acres cultivate kesar....


........................




do the farming of vegetables


vegetables market is the most profitable in present scenario




Sell it to tata.

Do you people know they are trying to pass a law that says you have to have a permit to plant anything ?

On your own land! What a bunch of crap! They( the US Govt. ) are taking your rights away!!! Fight this commie law! Come on folks this is worse than gun control!



Oh no, it will not be necessary to have a permit to plant things. you will need a permit to allow things to grow without a marketing quota. Here in Ontario we have about 26 crops that have marketing boards and acreage quotas are needed.





It certainly does improve profitability for those crops. But we have stopped exporting them. A lot of farmers fought long and hard to get that market sharing rule in place. That was a generation ago. Today young farmers are having to buy those quotas to get into business. It has become for today's farmers an extra cost of doing business, but still worth while for the small operator.




Some pretty good answers here. You have to get permits to use pesticides and fertilizers(thanks polluters and Timothy McVeigh) and you can't plant invasive crops or landscaping. Out west landscapers planted Tamirisk for homes. It has now spread into many watersheds and knocked out native plant species and wildlife associated with them.We are not becoming a communist country that tells each farmer what to plant.




i haven't heard that.. surprised that i haven't since i'm dating a farmer lol





is it just in your state or is nation wide? if so, i'm sure that we'll be hearing about that here soon





my guess is that it's probably for non-native plants that take over the area/land easily. like a type of grass here in south georgia (forgot the name of it).


the gov't regulates what non-native plants that can be grown outside of where they'd grow normally




No, I haven't heard this either, but I'm not surprised at anything that Obama and our current Congress and Senate pushes through. We are headed for a socialist government in high gear. There is practically nothing to keep the Government in check. They can do almost anything that they want to. To quote Mark Twain, "Show me one incompetent man and it is a shame, two and it is a law firm, three or more and it is a Congress."




Such a law cannot be passed nor implemented.


Plants themselves have various means of self propagation.


I doubt they have enough cops to arrest these plants, courts to try them and jails to accommodate them.




Yes pretty soon they make a law against marijuana possesion




you have gota be shiting me. lol




haha as long as i keep my gun rights i can fight for that right

Where are agriculture regions in less developed countries?

depends where we are talking, some less developed countries are less fortunate than others. If we are talking about a country like Haiti who has had there land stripped by previous rulers than most likely on the bottoms of mountain than when the raining season comes the crops are moved to the side of mountains. But if we are talking about countries who haven't stripped all there land yet, well they are probably in the process, so burning forest allows for more crop ground.




the question is too wide, but some general indications: in africa, the whole of the Nile basin is good agricultural land provided irrigation is provided. Tanzania and other tropical zone areas along the equator are another potential area; provided deforestation is not allowed. in asia, the indo-gangetic plain, the eastern and western coastal plains, and the plateau wherever irrigation is possible are good regions, highly productive of food as well as nonfood crops. The Western Ghats in india are considered to be a bio-diversity hot spot. the mekong basin, and many parts of China are good agricultural regions. South America may not feature in the category "less developed countries".




Outside non- agriculture areas




Outside of the cities, deserts, salt flats, forests.

How does one become a farmer?

He becomes "Outstanding in his own field"




By buying some seeds and planting them in the dirt, technically. Being a big-time farmer requires that you own a lot of land in the hundred or thousands of acres to grow your product. Then, you'll have to get the machinery; the John Deere tractors and the combines that harvest the product. So, if you have the land already, of course, you could get a loan with the land as collateral to buy the machinery. If you're starting from scratch, then you are going to really have to get jump-started by someone with plenty of money, I guess. Talk to some agriculture experts.




be born to a farmer, and then work there. you cant just become a farmer, you will need millions to start a farm, even a small one. and assuming youre not from the country, you have no chance at all. classes in college are great, but not enough. you have no experience, so there is no chance. this isnt just one big vegetable garden, there are huge laws, contracts and amount of work here is far larger than any job in the city.





but a big garden in your backyard is just as good. stick to that.




Gr0wing up in one is a pain no electricity no nothing but work


it's really hard to live in one.


at least now there are tractors




Buy land, buy a tractor, get some seeds, watch them grow.




you just have to put you a hat on, thats it...





what kind of questions is this...




Better research HR 875 and S.475 first




Put a pair of overhauls on.




Buy A Farm

How is recombinant dna used in agriculture?

It is used to produce transgenic plants, which aims to increase production, quality, resistance of the plants to diseases among others.

What are different kinds of extensive and intensive agricultural practices?

What are different kinds of extensive and intensive agricultural practices?



An example of an intensive agriculture pratice is Dairy Farming in the UK.





An example of an extensive farming could be Hill Sheep Farmers in areas such as Scotland and Wales

Can anyone explain cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent approaches?

I'm confused about these two terms. Can anyone explain clearly what the difference between these two approaches are? Thanks.



go to penn state universities main campus web sites and you will find papers and explanations to your question

What is agriculture and where does agriculture begin?

Agriculture is utilizing soils to grow crops or livestock. Those products become our food source and prevent us from being hunter-gatherers We could not sustain our current world population if we were still all hunter gatherers. It began a long time ago when mankind first domesticated animals and started harvesting and planting seeds.




AGRICULTURE IS BASICALLY THE ART OF FARMING,GROWING FOODS,ETC AND BEGINS IN THE GARDEN OF EDEN.


PS.I WAS NOT SHOUTING JUST OVERLOOKED CAP LOCK please forgive my laziness by not reentering

Ways to make money with animals?

I love animals and farming. But I would like to make money by it. Do you have any tips o advice? What animals or plants should I use? And after I get them then what?



Find out what kind of market there is for show stock/breeding stock in your area. Talk to the local Extension Agent. The only people I know who make any real money from a smaller size operation get good breeding stock and raise quality animals to sell for show purposes or have spent decades building herds of quality animals which they sell to other producers as breediing stock.




first off, how much land do you have and how much money do you have to do that with? and how old are you?


the costs of starting up something like that will not be cheap-





a job that i think you'd be interested in would be a county extension agent- they (he/she) deals with all sorts of aspects with farming- livestock and crops, etc..





but if your in school (like high school) get involved with FFA, 4H does show livestock but the 4H isn't big into it as FFA is- FFA has more contacts with farmers and other people in the ag. industry, so i suggest showing a hog, cow (steer or heifer) ,sheep, lamb or goat


a friend of mine just made over $2,000 on her Simmental steer and another friend of mine made about the same on a hog of her's




Travelling petting zoo.





Providing fertile eggs to schools for a hatching program.





Raising rabbits and goats for meat.





Raising goats for milk and milk products.





btw - how much land do you have access to?




how 'bout sheep, for their wool and breeding profits


or a green house with flowering plants and then to an orchard with fruit, or you could grow legal herbs for medicinal properties




Try raising honey bee for their honey. Not only honey bees give you honey. They will help in pollination.




Read 'Animal Farm' by George Orwell. :)




join 4h and raise a cow and sell it at your local fair... you'll make about a 1000 bucks

Explain the difference between agriculture and industry?

.


,


Good morning tomy:





Agriculture is a primary producer that obtains the raw materials (Biomass).





For example: Foods, cotton and other textiles, seeds and other vegetables for obtaining of Biocombustibles, etc.





And the Industry are the one that is in charge to process these raw materials; in order to process turn them into products.





For example: Oils for human and/or industrial and/or mechanical consumption, wood dresses, glues, paper, houses, etc.





That is to say, the Industry exist thanks to the raw materials that are obtained in Agriculture.





.




They are both businesses, the main difference is the products that they produce. Farming produces food, raw materials for clothing, and building material. Industry produces cars, paint, clothing, boats, etc.

What do you mean by commercialization of agriculture? explain?

When you commercialize agriculture you are basically allowing private companies to buy individual farms to make enormous farms and gain an overall profit.





It is taking away rights from private workers and giving them to large companies.

Wednesday, March 25, 2009

What is the center of this ellipse?

(x - 8) ^2


--------------


49

















(y 6) ^2


-------------- -1


121








Here's the answer choices...





A.) ( -8, -6)





B.) ( -8, 6)





C.) (8 , -6)





D.) (8, 6)



C

How much equity? Math problem.? (PLEASE answer!)?

For some reason am stuck on this math problem. Using the TI-83 plus, can someone show me how to work this problem?





Here is the problem:





%26quot;A home was purchased 12 years ago for $115,000. The home was financed by paying a 20% down payment and signing a 25 year mortgage at 7.0% compounded monthly on the unpaid balance. The market value is now $150,000. The owner wishes to sell the house. How much equity (to the nearest dollar) does the owner have in the house after making 144 payments?%26quot;





I know that the answer is: $83519





I just need to know the steps to take in order to work the problem and to come to the answer.





Thanks for any help.



I downloaded the virtual TI-83 plus to try to figure out your problem and all I come up with is... 3


%0D%0A

Why is the world round?

Because of gravity, gravity forms the earth into a spherical shape, same goes with all the other planets.




The Earth is not round. A pizza is round. The Earth is a sphere.





When a lot of material bunches together by gravity it has so much force that it crushes the material into a sphere. That is because the sum of the gravity from each individual piece of material becomes a single force coming from the center of the assemblage. This single point of gravity is spherically symmetrical. The force is in all directions from the center.




Gravity





The gravity of the Earth tries to pull everything into the centre. Because the mass resists, it remains a large solid body. The most efficient shape that contains matter concentrated towards a single point is a sphere, making the world round.

Desperate for Chemistry Help Please?

A chemical reaction is carried out in a closed container. The energy absorbed by the chemical reaction is 200 kJ. What is the energy liberated from the air or the walls of the container?



200 kJ





The energy absorbed by the reaction is taken from its surroundings, which would be the container and the air.




yo cheater do the work your self maybe you learn something

Is cabbage juice is good chemical indicator?

Actually it is . cabbage juice is blue.when you add


Acid , it turns to pink


Base ,it turns to green




Cabbage juice is a good pH indicator




Yes, the juice from red cabbage is a very nice pH indicator.




Red cabbage, yes, it's just like litnus paper. Green cabbage, no.




You know now,you can use it for finding some new application of cabbage

My eyelid has been twitching for 3 days straight. What is wrong with me?

its getting annoying.



Everyone above who answered is basically right but I'll answer just to give the syndrome a name. This is "eyelid myokymia" and it is almost always benign. It is often brought on by fatigue, stress, lack of sleep, anxiety, or caffeine.





If you Google eyelid myokymia you will get much more info.





Edit: Dani - you should Google "benign fasciculations". Its different than the above but its causes may be similar.




Eye twitches are usually caused by eyestrain or tiredness. Try to relieve stress as much as possible. Also, twitching can be caused by too much caffeine. If you've been drinking a lot of coffee or soda, cut back and see if it helps.




Geez! Tell me about it! My arm, near where my elbow is, has been twitching all day! It's starting to get on my nerves.




stress can cause that type of symptom

What does this algorithm compute and print?

What does the algorithm


set s to 0


set i to 1


while i<5 do the following:


set s to s i


set i to i 1


print s


compute and print?


A. 15


B. 8


C. 12


D. 5


E. 10



10.





You have added the numbers from 1 through 4 (1 2 3 4).

What are these (biology)?

1.kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell wallas are made up of peptidoglycans





2. kingdom composd of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals and fungi





3. domain of all organsims whose cells have nuclei, including protists,plants,fungi



1. That's probably domain Bacteria


2) Protists


3) Eukarya

I have a question for a nurse or dr about my medicine?

i have plurisity and a upper resportary infection along with bad allergies and they gave me lortab 500mg for pain and xanax 0.25 for anxiety i am hurting and panicing about not being able to breath right do i take both meds one med how would i take it?



ok, first thing is calm down. yes you can take the lortab for the pain, it says at the bottom or somewhere on the bottle 500/5 mg, that means you have 5 mg of hydrocodone with 500 mg of acetaminophen, that's not too much but should help alleviate your discomfort. the 0.25 xanax is the lightest dosage and will help calm you down, but taking them together is liable to make you sleepy, so don't drive or juggle chainsaws or anything like that. also, don't take another dose for at least 4 hours.

Why was the country of Ecuador called that way?

I know that it is because the Equatorial line passes through that country, but that line also passes through others..


so there must be something else that i dont know



What you've heard is correct: Ecuador got its name simply because the Equator passes through it. Other countries through which the Equator passes got their names for other reasons having to do with their respective histories, rather than being named for the Equator.




Ecuador was part of a single country called "La Gran Colombia", consisting of Colombia, Venezuela, & Ecuador. However dues to foreign influences it broke up, and Ecuador got its name simply because the Equator passes through it.




Ecuador straddles the equator, from that it takes its name

A bit confused about how matrix multiplication?

If I want to multiple matrix A by matrix B ie. AB, the prerequisite is the number of rows in A needs to be the same as number of columns in B. For example if A is 2x2 and B is 2x3, it's good, because A has 2 rows and B as 2 columns. The other way around eg. BA would mean 2x3 against 2x2 and this cannot be performed.





I hope I am right with the concept above. What I don't understand now is, let's say P is a matrix of whatever size (for example 2 x 2). To calculate 3P I just multiple each element within the matrix P by 3. For example if P is a matrix of [1 2 on 3 4], then 3P gives me [3 6 on 9 12].





What I don't get is, the number 3 itself is like a matrix of 1 x 1 isn't it? So if look at 3P as a 1x1 matrix multiplying P which is a 2x2 matrix, I shouldn't be able to do it. The number of rows in the 1x1 matrix of "3" is not equal to the number of columns (2 columns) in P, how is the calculation do-able?





Hope my query is clear.... Thanks very much.



You don't have it quite right. If A is m x s and B is s x n then you can multiply A times B and the result is m x n. In words: You can multiply A times B if the number of COLUMNS of A equals the number of ROWS of B. One way to remember it is this: write down the dimensions of A next to the dimensions of B like this: m x s s x n. The two inner numbers must be the same for the multiplication to make sense. The two outer numbers are the dimension of the answer.





For your other question, multiplication by a scalar like 3 is NOT the same as multiplication by a matrix. Better to think of scalar multiplication (i.e. scalar times matrix) and matrix multiplication as two DIFFERENT operations.





However, if you interpret the scalar, like 3, as being 3 times the identity matrix, then it will work. For example, if the matrices are all 2 x 2, then multiplication by 3 gives the same answer as multiplying by:





3 0


0 3





I hope that clears it up.




The number 3 itself is not a matrix 1 x 1, it is a scalar.


The matrix theory defines a multiplication of a scalar and a matrix.




3 is a scalar not a vector!

What does incomplete dominance have to do with heredity?

You inherit genes from both your parents and incomplete dominance is where both heterozygous alleles are expressed and you end up with a phenotype displaying a combination of both alleles.

Why are only some bases alkalies?

I certainly know that bases which can be dissolved in water are called alkalies, for example, NaOH and KOH. At the same time, Fe(OH)3, Al(OH)3 are not alkalies because they don't dissolve in water. Why don't they dissolve in water?





I suppose the solubility rules might have a part in this......Well, then what accounts for the solubility rules themselves? Or is it because of some charge density concept about the force of attraction between the anions and the hydroxide radicals together with the water molecule?





Thanks for your answers.....



Actually they do, just not very much. Even the most insoluble compound that exists will dissociate into ions at some measurable amount.





But the simple explanation deals with the solubility of hydroxide compounds. Think back to the solubility rules. "All hydroxides are insoluble, except for the group IA hydroxides ..."





Since oxygen has the second highest electronegativity, the forces holding these compounds together is greater than the attractive forces that water exerts on the metals or OH- group, except for the alkali metals.





The alkali metal ions are very large which will allow them to accommodate a larger number of water molecules, which, in turn, will separate the metal hydroxide allowing it to dissolve.




some bases are called as alkalies as they completely dissolve in water without leaving any residue.


and the others donot dissolve in water




how about the ph factor

Why does a smooth surface feel colder than a rough surface when the material is the same?

I have 2 of those plastic chairs on my porch, one is new and smooth, the other is older and the surface is rougher from weathering. Why does the new one feel so much colder against the back of my legs?



The chairs have a lower temperature than your body. The one with the smooth surface has more contact with your body than the one with the rough surface, so more heat transfers from you to it. (feels colder). If the chairs were in the sun all day, and hotter than your body, then the smooth one would feel hotter.




Fricton applys more resistance against the force of your leg.To move your leg along the rough chair takes more energy then the smooth chair expelling thermal energy as a byproduct.




its because more of the surface is touching your skin. The more area of contact, the faster the colder material draws heat out of the warmer




The smooth one contacts the skin with greater surface area and, therefore, conducts heat from your skin quicker. The rough one only contacts at the top of the bumps.




because there is more friction between the rough surface than the smooth surface. So therefore there is more heat. :)




yes